If an attack is enacted by the use of spinning force of the body or the fist moves in a circle with the elbow either inflected or stretched to inflict impact on a targets, it is called “chigi”(hitting). There are various types of chigi and they are largely termed in accordance with the way of motions by the applied bodily parts toward the targets.
Applied Part + Target + Type of Chigi = Name of Poom
1. fist back + face + ap chigi = ap chigi
- The parts of the pointing finger and the middle finger on the fist back are employed.
- The wrist on the side of the hitting fist-back fist should not be bent.
- There are an erected fist-back fist and a bent-backward fist-back fist.
(Point of attention)
The hitting fist-back fist with its fist-back facing upward is lifted up brushing past the arm-pit over the waist on the opposite side to make a hitting by bending the fist-back fist at the height of the philtrum.
Deungjumeok olgul ap-chigi (fist back face front-hitting) = ap chigi : one hits the face target from the front by using the back.
The way of hitting: The hitting fist goes straight forward to the target, slipping away from the armpit and crossing the other arm, which withdraws back from the solar plexus to the waist. The body turns sideways 45 degrees.
The fist back can deliver the strongest hitting if a target is to hit from the front and the face is the only best target because any target below it may weaken the hitting.
This is simply called “ap chigi”. If the hand blade or hammer fist (mejumeok) is used, than the applied part is added to the term; for example, “sonnal ap chigi.” And if target is the trunk, then we called it “deungjumeok momtong ap chigi.” A variation of apchigi is the assisting apchigi, which is helped by the other fist.
2. Fist back + face + outer chigi = olgul bakkat chigi
- The same way as in the outer-makki, but the hitting is made against the targets of the lateral jaw and the head temple.
- The fist-back fist is erected to the height of the philtrum to deliver a hitting.
(Point of attention)
The arm of hitting fist back, unlike in the apchigi, makes a circling from outside the elbow of withdrawing arm.
3. olgul kodureo bakkat chigi (assisting face outer chigi)
- The two fists will face each other with their fist-backs facing upward at the waist on the side of the assisting arm.
- The fist making an apchigi(front hitting) executes a chigi with its fist-back bending backward, passing through the front of philtrum(injung), and, at the same time, the assisting arm places the wrist part in front of the stomach-pit, by pulling the fist, whose fist-back is made to face downward.
- A slight gap exists between the wrist and the philtrum.
4. Momtong bakkat chigi.
5. Deungjumeok + olgul + yop chigi = yop chigi (side chigi)
6. Deungjumeok + momtong + yop chigi = momtong yop chigi
The hitting arm stretches on the same line with the body’s sideward line. At the time of a momtong bakkat chigi, the attacker’s body turns sideways by 45 degrees and the arm forms an angle, the opponent standing in front.
7. Deungjumeok + momtong + naeryo chigi = momtong naeryo chigi
This action has the primary purpose of makki rather than an attack.
- The fist-back fist makes a naeryochigi (downward hitting) downward passing through the trunk by means of bending itself.
(Point of attention)
The fist-back fist making a chigi keeps its fist-back face upward at the height of the ear on the opposite side, and then bend itself downward to make a chigi, at the same time when the other hand is pulled back after it has been lightly extended forward.
8. Deungjumeok + arae + naeryo chigi = arae naeryo chigi
This hitting is usually used in the breaking techniques.
9. Mejumeok olgul ap chigi (hammer fist face front chigi).
10. Mejumoek olgul an chigi (hammer inner chigi).
11. Mejumoek momtong an chigi (hammer trunk chigi).
12. Mejumoek olgul bakkat chigi (hammer outter chigi).
13. Mejumoek momtong bakkat chigi.
14. Mejumoek olgul yop chigi (hammer side chigi).
15. Mejumoek momtong yop chigi.
16. Mejumoek olgul naeryo chigi (hammer downward chigi, which usually hits the head).
17. Mejumoek momtong naeryo chigi
18. Mejumoek arae naeryo chigi (hammer underneath chigi)
19. Mejumoek pyojok chigi
- A target is formed when the target hand keeps its thumb opened.
- At a target hitting by a mejumeok (hammer fist), the fist hits the palm of the target hand.
- The target hand should not grasp the hitting fist.
20. Mejumoek arae pyojok chigi.
- The two arms are kept open from each other at the upper side and then brought down to the front of the lower abdomen to deliver a target hitting with a hammer-fist.
- The two arms conducting a target hitting will not be completely unfolded.
- There is a gap of an erected fist’s width between the target hitting hand and the lower abdomen.
21. Hansonnal + olgul + ap chigi = sonnal olgul ap chigi
22. Hansonnal + olgul + ap chigi = sonnal olgul ap chigi (if the target is the neck, it is called “sonnal mok chigi”)
- A curved hand-blade executes a neck-hitting.
- The other hand will be extended forward and it is pulled back to be laid on the waist when a neck-hitting is executed.
23. Hansonnal + olgul bakkat + chigi = sonnal olgul bakkat chigi
- A neck-hitting is made by an overturned hand-blade.
- The other hand will be extended forward before it is pulled back to be laid on the waist at the time of delivering a neck-hitting.
As shown in the above, the attack with “one hand blade” is described simply as “hand blade”, omitting the word “one” because an attack is carried out with one hand like the defense. Also the anchigi (inner hitting) with “one hand blade” uses the “jeochin sonnal”, which means the hand blade with crooked finger tips; therefore, it is unnecessary to add the word “jeochin” to the terms. Nor is necessary to specify the “upeun sonnal” (turned over hand blade) in case of executing a bakkat chigi with one hand blade. When two hand blades are applied for attack, it is called “dusonnal”.
24. sonnal momtong an chigi
25. sonnal momtong bakkat chigi
26. sonnal olgul yop chigi
27. sonnal momtong yop chigi
- In a juchumseogi stance, the hand-blade is laid above the shoulder on the opposite side and the palm base looks toward the face.
- The fist of the other arm is laid in front of the shoulder on the side of the yop chigi arm and the fist base looks toward the face.
- The overturned hand-blade is hit laterally.The other (opposite side) arm is pulled toward the waist to make its wrist laid on the waist.
28. sonnalnaeryo chigi.
29. sonnaldeung (hand blade back) olgul an chigi.
30. sonnaldeung olgul bakkat chigi.
31. sonnaldeung momtong an chigi.
32. sonnaldeung momtong bakkat chigi.
33. sonnaldeung olgul yop chigi.
34. sonnaldeung momtong yop chigi.
35. sonnaldeung naeryo chigi.
36. komson (bear hand) olgul ap chigi.
37. komson olgul an chigi.
38. Batangson (palm hand) olgul ap chigi = batangson teok (jaw) chigi
The finger-tips of a palm hand(batangson) will face upward and then they will be leaned sideways by an angle of 45 degrees to make a front hitting.
39. Batangson olgul an chigi.
40. Batangson momtong an chigi.
41. Batangson olgul ollyo (raise up) chigi
42. Agwison (arc hand) olgul ap chigi = khaljaebi
- The batangson teok chigi and khaljaebi are carried out in a straight line motion as in the jireugi. But they are termed chigis because the applied bodily parts are wide and long.
- The batangson teok chigi and khaljaebi are carried out in a straight line motion as in the jireugi. But they are termed chigis because the applied bodily parts are wide and long.
- Hitting the neck: one attacks the gullet region with the arc hand by stretching the arm straight as in the jireugi.
- bending the knee: grasp a dwichuck with a hand and attack the knee with an agwison.
43. Kupinsonmok olgul ollyo chigi = kupinsonmok teok chigi (bent wrist jaw chigi)
Kupinsonmok is mainly used in defense.
44. Jipke sonmok chigi (pincers wrist chigi)
This is principally used in attacking the neck like the arc hand.
45. Palkup (elbow) ollyo chigi
- The elbow making a raise-up hitting is raised upward skimming the arm-pit to deliver an ollyochigi.
- The back of the hand looks sideways.
- The waist is twisted at the time of hitting.
46. Palkup dollyo chigi (turning chigi)
- The back of the hand looks upward and the elbow is turned to the maximum to be located in front of the shoulder.
- The elbow is positioned at a point higher than the shoulder line.
- The waist is twisted at the time of hitting.
47. Palkup naeryo chigi (downward chigi)
48. Palkup dwiro chigi (backward chigi)
49. Palkup yop chigi
- In a juchumseogi stance, the fist of hitting side is brought to the shoulder line on the opposite side to touch the opposite hand’s palm, and then the elbow makes a lateral hitting, making profit of the power of pushing by the opposite hand.
- The finger-tips of the opposite hand look upward and they do not grab the fist.
- The opposite hand is positioned in front of the chest on the hitting elbow’s side
50. Palkup pyojeok chigi (target chigi)
- The hand on the opposite side is opened to become a target.
- The elbow of the attacking arm hits the target.
- The target does not move and the elbow moves to make a hitting.
- The thumb of the target hand is stuck to the pincer-finger and it should not grab the elbow.
The knee hitting is mainly executed by hitting upward, therefore it is used in attacking an opponent’s testicles or the head when it is grabbed and dragged down with the help of a hand. It is also used in a trunk hitting by means of a turning chigi when the opponent’s trunk is grabbed and pulled.
51. Mureup ollyo chigi (knee raise up chigi)
- One leg supports the body and the other leg’s knee is bent to be lifted up for a chigi.
- Two hands with clenched fists are pulled down to be located on both sides of the ankle-bones of the knee hitting leg.
- The waist is lightly curved and the ankle rests in a natural state.
52. Mureup dollyo chigi(knee turning chigi)
- As one leg supports the body, the other leg is raised up by bending the knee to execute a dollyochigi.
- One hand pulls and drags in some part of the opponent’s body so that the other hand may execute a chigi.
Teuksu Chigi
1. Jebi poom teok chigi (swallow poom jaw hitting)
In case of the left apkubi (forward inflection stance) stance, the left hand blade applies a face makki while the right palm hand hits the opponent’s jaw by an inner chigi, twisting the body.
2. Jebi poom mok chigi (neck chigi)
In case of the left apkubi stance, the left hand blade applies a face makki while the right hand blade hits the opponent’s neck by an inner chigi, twisting the body.
- The hand on the fore-foot side uses its hand-blade to execute a face-blocking.
- The hand on the back-foot side rests in a state of having executed a neck-hitting with its hand-blade, while the elbow fo the neck-hitting arm is almost completely extended.
(Point of attention)
The palm of the face-blocking hand-blade will look upward while it will be located at the waist on the opposite side; and the hand to deliver a sonnal-mokchigi makes its back look toward the shoulder and executes a hansonnal-olgul-makki and a hansonnal-olgul-mokchigi simultaneously. The waist is twisted so that the shoulder on the side of a sonnal-mokchigi may come to the front side.
The term of “jebi poom” comes from the shape of a twisting body, which looks like the indented waist part of a swallow between its body and its tail part and the two opened hands form the wings of a swallow.
3. Dangkyo teok chigi (pulling jaw chigi)
One hand pulls the opponent while the other hand’s back applies a front chigi at the chin
- The fist of the opposite arm is extended straight forward.
- The hitting arm with its fist-back fist looking backward is located above the lateral part of the shoulder.
- The opposite arm is pulled and the fist-back fist is bent to make a chigi.
- The pulled-in fist with its back facing upward comes below the elbow of the fist-back fist arm.
4. Pyojeok chigi (target chigi)
One hand blade executes a side makki while the other hand’s fist hits the base of that hand’s palm.
5. Meongye chigi (yoke chigi)
Clenching the fists and opening the elbows sidewards, one delivers side chigi repectively by stretching the elbow.
- Both fists cross each other and are located on the shoulder line of the opposite side before a side chigi is made by the elbow, and finally both fists are brought to the front of chest.
- The fist back is kept looking upward and it rests slightly aloof from the trunk.
6. Mejumeok yopguri chigi(hammer fist flank chigi):
- The two fists are clenched and each is brought up above the shoulder, keeping the elbow folded and the base of the fist looking toward the front.
- With a mejumeok (hammer fist), chigi are delivered against both flanks of the opponent’s waist.
- The base of the hammer fist is made to look upward.
- The movements of both arms are made simultaneously.
7. Doosonnal mok chigi(double blade hands neck-chigi)
Two hand-blades, in a state of opening, each resting above the shoulder, inflict a mokchigi against the opponent.
8. Doosonnal yopguri chigi (double blade hands flank-chigi)
Two hand-blades, in a state of opening above the shoulder, inflict chigi against both flanks of the opponent.
9. Bitureo hansonnal mok chigi (one hand blade twist neck chigi)
This is a state in which the hand-blade on the back-foot side has made a mok-chigi.
(Point of attention)
The same way as in the jebi-poom mok-chigi except that a hansonnal olgul-makki is left out.
